Yintoni i-RFID?

I-RFID (I-Radio Frequency Identification) luhlobo lonxibelelwano olungenazingcingo oludibanisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-electromagnetic okanye i-electrostatic coupling kwinxalenye yefrikhwensi kanomathotholo yespectrum ye-electromagnetic ukuchonga ngokukodwa into, isilwanyana, okanye umntu.RFID isetyenziswa kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. , kunye nezicelo eziqhelekileyo ezibandakanya i-microchips yezilwanyana, i-automotive microchip anti-theft devices, ulawulo lokufikelela, ulawulo lwendawo yokupaka, i-automation line line, kunye nolawulo lwezinto eziphathekayo.

Ingaba isebenza kanjani?

Inkqubo yeRFID ikakhulu yenziwe ngamacandelo amathathu angundoqo: iithegi ze-elektroniki, i-eriyali kunye nabafundi.

Iithegi ze-elektroniki: ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-transponders, ebekwe kwinto echongiweyo, ngumthwali wedatha kwinkqubo ye-RFID, egcina ulwazi olukhethekileyo lokuchongwa kwento.

I-antenna: Isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa iimpawu zerediyo, ukudibanisa umfundi kunye nethegi, ukuqonda ukuhanjiswa kwedatha engenazingcingo.

Umfundi: Isetyenziselwa ukufunda idatha kwithegi kwaye uyithumele kwinkqubo yokucubungula idatha ukuze kuqhutywe phambili.

 

Inkqubo yokusebenza yetekhnoloji yeRFID imalunga noku kulandelayo:

Inkqubo yokuchonga: Xa into enethegi ye-elektroniki ingena kuluhlu lokuchongwa komfundi, umfundi uthumela umqondiso werediyo ukuze avule ithegi ye-elektroniki.

Ukuhanjiswa kwedatha: Emva kokuba ithegi ye-elektroniki ifumene umqondiso, ithumela idatha egciniweyo kumfundi nge-eriyali.

Ukusetyenzwa kwedatha: Emva kokuba umfundi efumene idatha, iyayiqhuba nge-middleware, kwaye ekugqibeleni idlulisele idatha ecutshungulweyo kwikhompyuter okanye enye inkqubo yokucwangcisa idatha.

 

Zeziphi iintlobo zeenkqubo zeRFID?

Itekhnoloji yeRFID (i-Radio Frequency Identification) inokuhlelwa ukusuka kwimilinganiselo emininzi, ingakumbi ibandakanya imowudi yobonelelo lwamandla, amaza okusebenza, imo yonxibelelwano kunye nohlobo lwe-tag chip. .

Ukuhlelwa ngokwendlela yobonelelo lwamandla:

Inkqubo esebenzayo: Olu hlobo lwenkqubo lunombane owakhelwe ngaphakathi kwaye lunokuchongwa kumgama omde. Idla ngokusetyenziswa kwiimeko ezifuna ufundo olude.

Inkqubo yePassive: Ukuxhomekeka kumaza ombane okhutshwa ngumfundi ukuze ufumane amandla, ilungele ukuchongwa komgama omfutshane kwaye inexabiso eliphantsi.

Inkqubo ye-Semi-active: Ukudibanisa iimpawu zeenkqubo ezisebenzayo kunye ne-passive, ezinye iithegi zinenani elincinci lobonelelo lwamandla olwakhelwe ngaphakathi ukwandisa ubomi bokusebenza okanye ukwandisa amandla omqondiso.

Ukuhlelwa ngokusebenza rhoqo:

Inkqubo ye-Frequency ephantsi (LF): Ukusebenza kwibhendi yefrikhwensi ephantsi, ilungele ukuchongwa koluhlu olusondeleyo, ixabiso eliphantsi, elilungele ukulandelwa kwezilwanyana, njl.

Inkqubo yefrikhwensi ephezulu (HF): Ukusebenza kwibhendi ephezulu, ilungele ukuchongwa komgama ophakathi, ehlala isetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zolawulo lofikelelo.

Inkqubo ye-Ultra-high frequency (UHF): Ukusebenza kwi-ultra-high frequency band, ilungele ukuchongwa komgama omde, ehlala isetyenziswa kulungiselelo kunye nolawulo lwekhonkco lokubonelela.

Inkqubo yeMicrowave (uW): Isebenza kwibhendi yemicrowave, ilungele ukuchongwa komgama omde, ihlala isetyenziselwa ukuqokelelwa kwendlela yokurhafisa, njl.

Ukuhlelwa ngokwendlela yonxibelelwano:

Inkqubo ye-Half-duplex: Omabini amaqela kunxibelelwano angathumela kwaye afumane imiqondiso ngokunye, alungele iimeko zesicelo ezinomthamo omncinci wedatha.

Inkqubo ye-duplex epheleleyo: Omabini amaqela kunxibelelwano angathumela kwaye afumane imiqondiso ngaxeshanye, alungele iimeko zesicelo ezifuna ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ngesantya esiphezulu.

Ukuhlelwa ngokwethegi yetshiphu:

Ithegi yokufunda kuphela (R/O): Ulwazi olugciniweyo lunokufundwa kuphela, alubhalwa.

Funda-bhala (R/W) ithegi: Ulwazi lunokufundwa kwaye lubhalwe, lufanelekile kwiimeko ezifuna ukuhlaziywa rhoqo kwedatha.

Ithegi ye-WORM (ixesha elinye lokubhala): Ulwazi alunakutshintshwa emva kokuba lubhaliwe, lufanelekile kwiimeko ezifuna ukhuseleko oluphezulu.

Isishwankathelo, ulwahlulo lwetekhnoloji yeRFID lusekwe kwimigangatho eyahlukeneyo kunye neemfuno, ezigubungela imilinganiselo emininzi ukusuka kwiindlela zonikezelo lwamandla ukuya kwiindlela zonxibelelwano ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeemeko ezahlukeneyo zesicelo.

RFID Izicelo kunye namatyala

I-RFID ibuyele kwiminyaka yoo-1940; nangona kunjalo, yayisetyenziswa rhoqo ngeminyaka yoo-1970. Ixesha elide, iindleko eziphezulu zeethegi kunye nabafundi banqatshelwe ukusetyenziswa kwezorhwebo ngokubanzi. Njengoko iindleko ze-hardware ziye zehla, ukwamkelwa kwe-RFID kuye kwanda.

Olunye usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo lwezicelo zeRFID lubandakanya:

 

Ulawulo lwesitora

Ulawulo lweWarehouse yeyona ndawo iphambili yokusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yeRFID. Iithegi ze-elektroniki ze-RFID zinokusombulula ngokufanelekileyo ingxaki yolawulo lolwazi lwempahla kwindawo yokugcina impahla, evumela amashishini ukuba aqonde indawo kunye nesimo sokugcinwa kwempahla ngexesha langempela. Le teknoloji idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwendawo yokugcina impahla kunye nemveliso ekhokelayo. Iivenkile ezinkulu zehlabathi ezifana neWalmart kunye neMetro yaseJamani zamkele itekhnoloji yeRFID ukuphumeza ukuchongwa kwemveliso, ukuchasana nobusela, uluhlu lwempahla yexesha lokwenyani kunye nolawulo lokuphelelwa kwexesha lemveliso, ngaloo ndlela iphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwekhonkco lolungiselelo.

Anti-yomgunyathi kunye nokulandeleka

Anti-yomgunyathi kunye nokulandeleka zizicelo ezibalulekileyo RFID ubuchwepheshe kwiinkalo ezininzi. Imveliso nganye ixhotyiswe ngethegi ye-elektroniki ye-RFID eyodwa, erekhoda lonke ulwazi malunga nemveliso ukusuka kumenzi womthombo ukuya kwitheminali yokuthengisa. Xa olu lwazi luskenwa, irekhodi yembali yemveliso iyenziwa. Le ndlela ifanelekile ngokukhethekileyo ekuchaseni ukwenziwa komgunyathi kwezinto ezixabisekileyo ezinjengecuba, utywala, namayeza, kunye nokuchasa ukwenziwa komgunyathi kwamatikiti. Ngobuchwepheshe be-RFID, ukunyaniseka kwemveliso kunokuqinisekiswa kwaye umthombo wayo unokulandelwa, ukubonelela abathengi kunye namashishini ngokuthemba okuphezulu kunye nokungafihli.

Ukhathalelo lwezonyango oluhlakaniphile

Kunonophelo lwezonyango oluhlakaniphile, iteknoloji ye-RFID inikezela ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokugcinwa kolwazi oluchanekileyo kunye neendlela zokuhlola zokuhlola unyango. Kwisebe elingxamisekileyo, ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezigulane, indlela yokubhalisa yendabuko yendabuko ayisebenzi kwaye iphosakele. Kule njongo, isigulane ngasinye sinikwa i-RFID wristband tag, kwaye abasebenzi bezonyango bafuna ukuskena ngokukhawuleza ukufumana ulwazi lwesigulane, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umsebenzi ongxamisekileyo wenziwa ngendlela ehlelekile kwaye ugweme iingozi zonyango ezibangelwa ukungena kolwazi olungalunganga. Ukongeza, itekhnoloji yeRFID ikwasetyenziselwa ukuchongwa okuzenzekelayo kunye nokulandelwa kwezixhobo zonyango kunye namachiza, ngakumbi ukuphucula ulawulo lwezonyango kunye nokhuseleko.

Ulawulo lokufikelela kunye nokubakho

Ulawulo lokufikelela kunye nokuzimasa zizicelo ezibalulekileyo zetekhnoloji yeRFID kulawulo lwabasebenzi. Amakhadi okulawula ukufikelela kunye neenkqubo zekhadi elinye zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiikampus, amashishini kunye nezinye iindawo, kunye nemisebenzi emininzi efana nokuqinisekiswa kwesazisi, intlawulo kunye nolawulo lokhuseleko lufezekiswa ngekhadi elinye. Le nkqubo ayigcini nje ukwenza lula iinkqubo zokungena kunye nokuphuma kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, kodwa ibonelela ngokufanelekileyo ukhuseleko lokhuseleko. Xa umntu enxibe ikhadi likanomathotholo elipakishwe ngokobungakanani bekhadi lesazisi kwaye kukho umfundi ekungeneni nasekuphumeni, isazisi saloo mntu sinokubonwa ngokuzenzekelayo xa singena naxa siphuma, kwaye i-alam iya kuvulelwa ukungena ngokungekho mthethweni. . Kwiindawo apho umgangatho wokhuseleko uphezulu, ezinye iindlela zokuchongwa zinokudityaniswa, njengeminwe, amagama eentende okanye iimpawu zobuso ezigcinwe kumakhadi kanomathotholo.

Ulawulo lwempahla esisigxina

Ulawulo lwe-asethi engatshintshiyo sisicelo esibalulekileyo sobuchwepheshe be-RFID kwinkalo yolawulo lwempahla. Abaphathi be-asethi banokwenza ngokulula uluhlu lwe-asethi ngokuncamathela okanye ngokulungisa iithegi ze-elektroniki ze-RFID kwii-asethi. Ukongezelela, usebenzisa i-RFID inkqubo yokulawula i-asethi esisigxina, abalawuli banokulawula ngokufanayo iimpahla ezisisigxina, kubandakanywa nokubeka izikhumbuzo zolwazi malunga nokuhlolwa okucwangcisiweyo kunye nokuchithwa. Ngexesha elifanayo, inkqubo iphinda ixhase ukuvunywa kokufunyanwa kwempahla kunye nokulawulwa kwezinto ezisetyenziswayo, ukuphucula kakhulu ulawulo olusebenzayo kunye nokuchaneka.

Ulawulo lwethala leencwadi ngobuchule

Ulawulo lwamathala eencwadi ngobuchule sisicelo esibalulekileyo sobuchwephesha beRFID kwithala leencwadi. Ngokufakela iithegi ze-RFID ezincwadini, amathala eencwadi anokufikelela ngokuzeleyo ukuboleka incwadi, ukubuyisela, ulawulo lwempahla kunye nolawulo oluchasene nobusela. Le ndlela ayithinteli kuphela ukudinwa kwe-inventri ye-manual kwaye iphucula ulawulo olusebenzayo, kodwa ivumela abafundi ukuba bagqibe ukuboleka incwadi kunye nokubuyisela ngokusebenzisa imisebenzi elula, ukuphucula kakhulu amava omsebenzisi. Ukongeza, iteknoloji yeRFID inokufumana lula ulwazi lwencwadi, ukuze kungabikho mfuneko yokuhambisa iincwadi xa uhlela iincwadi, ngaloo ndlela uphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokunciphisa iimpazamo zomsebenzi.

Ulawulo lokuthengisa oluhlakaniphile

Ulawulo lokuthengisa oluhlakaniphile lusetyenziso olubalulekileyo lweteknoloji yeRFID kushishino lokuthengisa. Ngokuncamathisela iithegi ze-RFID kwimpahla, ishishini lokuthengisa linokufikelela kulawulo oluhle kunye nokubeka iliso kuluhlu lweempahla, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kunye namava kubathengi. Umzekelo, iivenkile zempahla zinokusebenzisa iithegi zeRFID ukuququzelela abathengi ukuba bahlawule kwangaphambili, ukuthintela inkcitho yabasebenzi kunye neendleko. Ukongeza, iivenkile zinokubeka iliso kwintengiso ngexesha lokwenyani, ziqhube umkhondo osebenzayo kunye nohlengahlengiso olusekwe kwidatha yokuthengisa, kwaye ziqonde iinkcukacha-manani zedatha yokuthengisa ngexesha lokwenyani, ukuzaliswa kunye nemisebenzi echasene nobusela bempahla.

Inkqubo yokucupha inqaku le-elektroniki

Inkqubo yokuhlola amanqaku e-elektroniki (EAS) isetyenziswa ikakhulu ukuthintela ukuba impahla ingabiwa. Inkqubo ubukhulu becala ixhomekeke kubuchwephesha berediyo yokuchonga (RFID). Amakhadi kanomathotholo akholisa ukuba ne-1-bit yememori yomthamo, oko kukuthi, imimandla emibini yokuvula okanye ukucima. Xa ikhadi lerediyo likanomathotholo livuliwe kwaye lisondela kwiskena ekuphumeni kwevenkile, isistim iya kuyibona kwaye ivuse i-alam. Ukuthintela ii-alamu zobuxoki, xa kuthengwa iimpahla, umthengisi uya kusebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo okanye amandla amagnetic ukukhubaza ikhadi le-radio frequency okanye ukutshabalalisa iimpawu zayo zombane. Ukongeza, zininzi iitekhnoloji zeenkqubo ze-EAS, kubandakanya i-microwave, imagnethi, imagnethi ye-acoustic kunye nefrikhwensi yerediyo.

Ukulandelela izilwanyana kunye nemfuyo

Ukulandela umkhondo wezilwanyana zasekhaya kunye nemfuyo yenye yezona zicelo zixhaphakileyo zetekhnoloji yeRFID. Abanini bezilwanyana zasekhaya abaninzi basebenzisa iithegi zeRFID ukulandelela izilwanyana zabo ukuqinisekisa ukuba azilahleki okanye zibiwe. Ezi thegi zinokudityaniswa kwiikhola zesilwanyana okanye ezinye izixhobo ukuze abanini-ndawo bakwazi ukubona indawo yesilwanyana sasekhaya nangaliphi na ixesha ngokusebenzisa umfundi we-RFID.

Ukuhamba ngobuchule

Itekhnoloji yeRFID inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kwintsimi yothutho oluhlakaniphile. Iyakwazi ukubona ukuqinisekiswa okuzenzekelayo kunye nokulandelwa kwezithuthi, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwezithuthi ezindleleni. Umzekelo, ngonxibelelwano olunikezelweyo loluhlu olufutshane phakathi kwethegi ye-elektroniki ekwibhodi efakwe kwi-windshield yesithuthi kunye ne-eriyali yerediyo yerediyo yesikhululo sokurhafisa, isithuthi sinokuhlawula umrhumo ngaphandle kokumisa xa sidlula kwindlela kunye nesikhululo sokurhafisa sebhulorho. Ukongeza, itekhnoloji yeRFID ingasetyenziselwa ukuqokelela idatha, amakhadi ebhasi, ukuchongwa kwendawo yokupaka, ukutshaja, ulawulo lweeteksi, ulawulo lwehabhu yebhasi, ukuchongwa kwesitimela sikaloliwe, ulawulo lwezithuthi zomoya, ukuchongwa kwetikiti lomkhweli kunye nokulandelwa kwepasela yemithwalo.

Iimoto

Itekhnoloji yeRFID inezicelo ezininzi kwintsimi yeemoto, kubandakanya ukuvelisa, ukuchasana nobusela, ukubeka indawo kunye nezitshixo zemoto. Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa, itekhnoloji yeRFID ingasetyenziselwa ukulandelela nokulawula iinxalenye zemoto kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso. Ngokumalunga nobusela, iteknoloji ye-RFID idityaniswe kwisitshixo semoto, kwaye isazisi sesitshixo siqinisekiswa ngumfundi / umbhali ukuqinisekisa ukuba injini yemoto iya kuqala kuphela xa isibonakaliso esithile sifunyenwe. Ukongeza, i-RFID inokusetyenziselwa ukubeka isithuthi kunye nokulandela umkhondo ukuphucula ukuchaneka kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokucwangciswa kwesithuthi. Ezi zicelo aziphuculi kuphela ukhuseleko kunye nokulula kweemoto, kodwa zikwakhuthaza ukutsha kunye nophuhliso kushishino lweemoto.

Ulawulo lomkhosi/lokhuselo

Ulawulo lomkhosi / ukhuselo luyinkalo ebalulekileyo yesicelo se-RFID technology. Kwiindawo zasemkhosini, itekhnoloji yeRFID isetyenziselwa ukuchonga nokulandelela izinto ezahlukeneyo kunye nabasebenzi, njengeembumbulu, imipu, izixhobo, abasebenzi kunye neelori. Le teknoloji ibonelela ngendlela yobugcisa echanekileyo, ekhawulezayo, ekhuselekileyo kunye nokulawulwa kolawulo lomkhosi / lokhuselo, ukuqinisekisa ukulandelela okuguquguqukayo kwexesha langempela lamayeza abalulekileyo omkhosi, izibhamu, iimbumbulu okanye izithuthi zempi.

Ulungiselelo nolawulo lwekhonkco lonikezelo

Itekhnoloji yeRFID idlala indima ephambili kulungiselelo nolawulo lwekhonkco lokubonelela. Isebenzisa iithegi ze-RFID okanye iitshiphusi kwiindawo zothutho kunye neendawo zokugcina iimpahla ukuze kuphunyezwe ukulandelela ixesha lokwenyani kwezinto, kubandakanya ulwazi olunjengendawo, ubungakanani kunye nobume, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe iinkqubo zolungiselelo kunye nokunciphisa imisebenzi yezandla. Ukongeza, itekhnoloji yeRFID inokwenza ngokuzenzekelayo ukubala uluhlu kunye nolawulo lokusasazwa, ngakumbi ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokungafihli. Le teknoloji ayiphuculi nje kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuchaneka kolawulo lokubonelela, kodwa kunciphisa iindleko kunye namazinga eempazamo.

Ulawulo lwemveliso ezirentwayo

Itekhnoloji yeRFID inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kwinkalo yolawulo lwemveliso eqashisayo. Xa iithegi ze-elektroniki zifakwe kwiimveliso eziqashisayo, ulwazi lwemveliso lunokufunyanwa lula, ukuze kungabikho mfuneko yokuhambisa izinto eziphathekayo xa uhlela okanye ubala iimveliso, eziphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokunciphisa iimpazamo zabantu. Le teknoloji ayenzi lula kuphela inkqubo yolawulo lwempahla, kodwa iphakamisa ukulandelwa kunye nokuchongwa kwezakhono zeemveliso, ibonelela ngesisombululo esithembekileyo nesisebenzayo kwishishini lokurenta.

Ulawulo lwephakheji yeenqwelomoya

Ulawulo lwepakethe yenqwelomoya yindawo ebalulekileyo yosetyenziso lwetekhnoloji yeRFID. Ushishino lwezophapho lwehlabathi luhlawula ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2.5 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ngonyaka ngamnye ngemithwalo elahlekileyo kunye nokulibaziseka. Ukujongana nale ngxaki, iinkampani ezininzi zeenqwelo moya ziye zamkela iinkqubo zokuchongwa kwamaza omoya kanomathotholo (RFID) ukuze zomeleze ukulandelwa, ukusasazwa kunye nokuhanjiswa kwemithwalo, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ulawulo lokhuseleko kwaye kuthintelwe ukwenzeka kokungahanjiswa kakuhle. Iithegi ze-elektroniki ze-RFID zinokudityaniswa ngokulula kwiithegi zempahla esele zikho, iiprinta zokungena kunye nesixhobo sokuhlela imithwalo ukuskena ngokuzenzekelayo imithwalo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba abakhweli kunye nemithwalo ejongisiweyo bafika kwindawo abasingise kuyo ngokukhuselekileyo nangexesha.

Ukuvelisa

Itekhnoloji yeRFID inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kwinkalo yokuvelisa. Okokuqala, inokufikelela ekubekweni kweliso ixesha langempela kwidatha yemveliso ukuqinisekisa ukungafihli kunye nokulawulwa kwenkqubo yokuvelisa. Okwesibini, itekhnoloji yeRFID ingasetyenziselwa ukulandelwa komgangatho ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho weemveliso uyalawuleka kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa ukusuka kwizinto ezikrwada ukuya kwiimveliso zokugqibela. Ekugqibeleni, ngetekhnoloji yeRFID, iinkqubo zokuvelisa ezizenzekelayo zinokufezekiswa, ezingaphuculi nje ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, kodwa zinciphisa kakhulu ukubakho kweempazamo zabantu. Ezi zicelo zenza itekhnoloji yeRFID itekhnoloji eyimfuneko kwinkalo yokwenziwa kwemveliso.